@7073M @sickburnbro @WandererUber Jews and Christians have specific carve-outs in Islam which offer specific protections, and you're not correct. Jews and Christians have occupied very powerful positions in past Caliphates. E.g. St. John of Damascus served the Umayyad caliphate in high office in Damascus.
Loans are permitted with a contract premium provided they are fixed-term and not to exceed a specified amount.