Summary. Most human activities as well as many disciplines — from physics and biology to linguistics, finance, and computer science — follow a Pareto distribution instead of a “normal” Gaussian curve
https://hbr.org/2022/01/we-need-to-let-go-of-the-bell-curve
Most scientific journal articles
1 Do not publish raw data
2 Use statistics tests that are designed for normal distribution instead of pareto distribution
3 Do not prove there is a normal distribution with the raw data because they do not publish it
4 Do not trust them
Here is how a typical scientific journal study works
1 Choose a alpha value and if it will be a one or two tail t test
2 Collect data for two groups
3 Calculate mean, standard deviation and sample size for both groups
4 based on 1 & 3 decide if groups are statistically significantly different, PRESUMING they are both normally distributed
5 Never publish raw data showing they are normally distributed
This is sneaky because the normal distribution makes people look more "equal" than Pareto