"The relatively high proportion of Jewish slaveholding was a function of the concentration of Jews in cities and towns, not of their descent or religion"

https://web.archive.org/web/20141021145539/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1995/09/slavery-and-the-jews/376462/

1

Judaism causes increased likelihood of choosing to own slaves & also increased chance of choosing to live in cities

2

Living in cities causes increase chance of choosing to own slaves for all people both Jews & non-Jews & being Jewish increases likelihood to choose to live in cities

3 Other explain in comments